Al-Kindi’s Rationalism and Ar-Razi’s Empiricism: The Epistemological Foundations of Modern Scientific Method in the Islamic Scientific Tradition. aqlania [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 30 [cited 2026 Jan. 23];16(2). Available from: https://fuda.uinbanten.ac.id/ejournals/index.php/aqlania/article/view/100